The effect of physical education on reducing obesity rates among undergraduates in Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State
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Background of the Study
Obesity has emerged as a critical public health concern worldwide, affecting individuals across all age groups, including undergraduates. In Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State, the prevalence of obesity among university students has sparked a growing interest in the role of physical education as a preventive and remedial intervention. Physical education programs, when designed effectively, offer structured physical activity that can help regulate body weight and improve overall health. Evidence suggests that regular participation in physical education can significantly reduce the risk of obesity by promoting caloric expenditure and enhancing metabolic function (Balogun, 2023).
Universities provide an ideal setting for health interventions, as they are environments where young adults can establish lifelong habits. In many institutions, physical education is not only seen as a means of fostering physical fitness but also as a vehicle for encouraging a holistic approach to wellness. In Ilorin West, the integration of physical education into the university curriculum has the potential to address the rising trend of obesity among undergraduates by providing regular opportunities for exercise and health education (Adefemi, 2024). This integrated approach can lead to improved dietary habits and increased awareness about the importance of regular physical activity in weight management.
Moreover, physical education programs often include a variety of activities that appeal to diverse interests, ranging from traditional sports to modern fitness routines. This variety is essential for engaging students who may have varying levels of interest in conventional exercise. In addition, physical education classes provide a social context where students can experience peer support and motivation, factors that are critical for sustaining long-term engagement in physical activities (Olayinka, 2025). The social and psychological benefits of such programs, including improved self-esteem and reduced stress, further contribute to their effectiveness in combating obesity.
However, despite these potential benefits, there remains a gap in the literature regarding the direct impact of structured physical education programs on obesity rates among undergraduates in the region. Issues such as limited infrastructure, lack of qualified instructors, and inconsistent program delivery have hindered the optimal use of physical education as a tool for obesity prevention. This study aims to address these challenges by providing empirical evidence on how physical education can contribute to reducing obesity among university students in Ilorin West.
Statement of the Problem
In Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State, obesity among undergraduates has become a pressing concern, posing significant risks to both physical and mental health. Despite the known benefits of physical activity in weight management, many students fail to engage regularly in structured physical education programs. This lack of engagement is partly due to limited program availability, inadequate facilities, and a shortage of trained physical education instructors. Consequently, the potential of physical education to serve as a preventive measure against obesity remains underutilized (Adebola, 2023).
The problem is further exacerbated by lifestyle changes associated with university life, such as increased sedentary behavior, unhealthy dietary habits, and stress-induced eating. These factors contribute to a positive energy balance, leading to weight gain and obesity. The disconnect between the availability of physical education programs and actual student participation is alarming, as it not only affects individual health outcomes but also places a burden on the healthcare system in the long term (Ogunyemi, 2024). Furthermore, the lack of systematic research on how physical education influences obesity rates in the context of higher education limits the development of targeted interventions.
Additionally, the cultural and environmental context of Ilorin West may also play a role in shaping students’ attitudes towards physical activity. With competing academic pressures and limited recreational facilities, undergraduates may prioritize studies over health, resulting in decreased physical activity and increased obesity prevalence. Without comprehensive evidence that connects physical education participation with improved weight management outcomes, policymakers face challenges in designing effective strategies to combat obesity among this vulnerable population. This study intends to fill this gap by investigating the effectiveness of physical education as a tool for reducing obesity rates among undergraduates, thereby providing a foundation for future health promotion initiatives (Fatima, 2025).
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the impact of physical education participation on obesity rates among undergraduates.
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To examine the relationship between physical activity in structured programs and body mass index (BMI) levels.
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To recommend strategies for enhancing physical education programs to reduce obesity among university students.
Research Questions
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What is the impact of physical education on obesity rates among undergraduates?
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How does participation in structured physical activity correlate with BMI levels in students?
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What strategies can be implemented to improve the effectiveness of physical education programs in reducing obesity?
Research Hypotheses
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Participation in physical education programs significantly reduces obesity rates among undergraduates.
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There is a negative correlation between structured physical activity and BMI levels.
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Enhanced physical education programs lead to improved weight management outcomes among university students.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it investigates the critical role of physical education in reducing obesity among undergraduates in Ilorin West. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of how structured physical activity influences body weight management, providing evidence for policy reforms and program enhancements. By offering actionable insights, the research aims to promote healthier lifestyles and reduce obesity-related health risks, ultimately benefiting both the student population and the broader community (Akinyemi, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study is limited to examining the effect of physical education on obesity rates among undergraduates in Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State. It does not include other health-related outcomes or extend to non-university populations.
Definitions of Terms
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Physical Education: Structured, school-based programs designed to promote physical activity and overall fitness.
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Obesity: A medical condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, often measured by body mass index (BMI).
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Undergraduates: Students enrolled in a university program leading to a bachelor’s degree.
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